The Twenty Two Different Types of Defeat in A Debate

India and Greece are the only countries in the ancient world which perfected the science of logic. India's Tarka and Nyaya Sastra dealt extensively with the art of debate - conduct, rules of debate and more importantly, what constitutes a defeat in a debate. Gautama came up with 22 different types of debate which became a standard in India.

Armenia’s Pakistanesque Problem – Bravado Doesn’t Win Wars

Armenia has a huge Pakistanesque problem. The focus of Armenia, just like Pakistan is not perseverance and survival. It is integration of Nagorno-Karabakh into Armenia. What happens to Armenia in the process, who cares? And as like in Pakistan anyone who says let's talk with Azerbaijan and fix Karabakh issue for good will be treated like Zulfiqar Bhutto or Yahya Khan.

Alexander in Afghanistan – The Unknown Disaster

Alexander was neither the first nor the last who suffered in Afghanistan - but he is easily the one who suffered the most. In spite of criss-crossing Afghanistan many a time, all he was able to achieve is a series of failures. His marriage to the daughter of Oxyartes, a Sogdian noble was the only thing which changed his fortunes and allowed him to scamper back to Persia where he died of battle wounds.

Ahom Foundation Legends – Stories of Animist India

The Tribal India coexisted with the mainstream India for millenia but maintained it's own traditions. There was a bidirectional flow of influence and syncretism being such perfect that the tribal religions are treated as a part of Hindu whole. Ahoms are one of the last tribes which migrated into India. Till the last, they maintained their traditional customs but modelled their religion on the traditional Hindu structure. Their foundation myth and other traditional culture reminds one how different they are from other Indians and at the same time, how same they are, to other Indians.

Kakatiya Empire and Islam – conquest and unparalleled fightback

The Kakatiyas were a tough nut to crack for the Islamic Armies from the start. But, the spectacular speed with which Kakatiya Empire collapsed was actually the reason why Delhi Sultanates weren't able to gain a foothold in the South - simply put, the Empire disappeared but not it's armies. The resistance the armies put meant that Delhi Sultanate wasn't able to set it's foot in the territory for the next 300-350 years.

Jinnah’s Petty Revenge – Operation Polo and the unneeded bloodshed

Tens of thousands died in Operation Polo. The Nizam didn't achieve anything by that grandstanding. Neither did Jinnah achieve anything by Hyderabad fighting India. But, one would see that, to satisfy his petty ego, Jinnah goaded the Nizam to take a belligerent stand leading to huge losses in life and property.

Sri Krishna Deva Raya or Prithviraj Chauhan – Whom should india follow today?

If you are asked to choose between Krishna Deva Raya and Prithviraj Chauhan as a role model for India, whom would you choose? Both were products of their generations and acted as is the expectation. For one, Dharma is to follow the rule book, for the other Dharma is perseverance and safety of his people. What lessons can they teach us, and what can India learn from the way the both handled the things?

Alauddin Khilji’s Devagiri Raid of 1296 – Fact or Fiction?

While we assume at face value that Alauddin Khilji raided Devagiri and took the fort, a reconstruction of the same is nearly impossible. Yadava Territory extended deep into Bundelkhand, Ramadeva was the last pre-Islamic king to rule Kashi and build a temple there and the distances involved from the borders of Yadava Empire, the troop strength of Alauddin Khilji and the contemporary politics of Deccan make one wonder if the raid really happen.

Robert Caldwell and his Dravidian Theory – how long should we tolerate?

Robert Caldwell came up with some fantastic ideas - Dravidian Language Family which is related with Scythian and even Australian Language Families and not Sanskrit, a supposed Scythian Invasion which ejected the Dravidians out of North India - and the Scythians themselves faced the same fate in the hands of Aryans, and many such. These fantastic ideas are still held in high esteem - if not in whole, but in parts and have wrought unexplainable damage to the Indian narrative.